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Medications For Anxiety Disorder and Depression The use of medication can help a lot of people manage anxiety, but they aren't the only option. Psychotherapy and exercise can be effective treatments too. Some antidepressants work to treat anxiety, as well as SSRIs, like citalopram (Celexa) and escitalopram (Lexapro) and fluoxetine (Prozac) and paroxetine (Paxil) and sertraline (Zoloft). Other medications, such as histamine blockers like Vistaril (hydroxyzine) may also provide relief. Antidepressants Your doctor could prescribe medication to treat depression. Antidepressants, among the most frequently prescribed medications are available in a variety of kinds. The type of antidepressant that your doctor prescribes will be based on your symptoms, additional medical conditions and the goals of your treatment. Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) and serotonin-noradrenaline reuptake inhibitors (SNRIs) are among the most commonly prescribed antidepressants. They alter the way nerve cells within your brain communicate. They accomplish this by increasing the levels of certain neurotransmitters that improves mood and anxiety. It could take up to several weeks for antidepressants begin to work therefore, be patient. Benzodiazepines are also prescribed by your physician to treat depression or anxiety. These drugs are fast-acting and can be used to reduce depression and anxiety symptoms within a short amount of time. The Benzodiazepines include lorazepam, alprazolam and others. They inhibit the action of noradrenaline and adrenaline which are hormones that participate in the fight or flight response. Monoamine inhibitors of oxidase are a kind of antidepressant that can also be effective in treating depression and anxiety. They're often reserved for people who don't respond to other antidepressants. They require changes in diet to prevent hypertensive reactions caused by interactions with amino acids tyramine. Tell your doctor if are taking an antidepressant under prescription. This includes vitamins and supplements. You may need to decrease the dosage if you're taking other medicines that affect how well antidepressants function or if they trigger negative side effects. Seek help immediately if you have thoughts of suicide. You might have different symptoms of depression and anxiety or you may have a comorbidity of depression and anxiety. People who have comorbid anxiety and depression are more likely to have a negative medical prognosis compared to those who have only one disorder. Certain psychiatric medications have been proven to be particularly helpful in treating both disorders for people with comorbid depression and anxiety. Benzodiazepines Anxiety symptoms can be relieved by drugs known as benzodiazepines. These include alprazolam (Xanax) as well as clonazepam (Klonopin) and chlordiazepoxide (Librium), diazepam (Valium) and lorazepam (Ativan). These medications act on the benzodiazepine-receptors in the central nervous system, which are 5 transmembrane proteins that form a benzylchloride-channel at the central. The benzodiazepine-receptors also possess one that binds to the inhibitory neurotransmitter, GABA A (GABA A). The benzodiazepines reduce nerve activity by increasing levels of GABA-A. Benzodiazepines have a rapid onset of action, but they have a high chance of dependence and addiction. Antidepressants, anticonvulsants and antipsychotics and buspirone all have a longer duration of action, but are better options for long-term use, as they do not cause tolerance or addiction. Depression can be comorbid with anxiety disorders, and antidepressants may help alleviate the symptoms of depression that are a result of anxiety. However, many people with depression experience a combination of both anxious and depressive symptoms and will need a combination of medication and talk therapy to control all of their symptoms. In these instances, benzodiazepines may be employed for a brief period to treat depression or anxiety symptoms while other medications take effect. These medications are usually prescribed for a short period of time, not daily. These medications should not be taken for prolonged periods of time as they may trigger withdrawal symptoms like shaking or trouble sleeping. Discuss with your doctor if have had any issues with dependence, addiction, or mental health. Your doctor can discuss possible side effects and recommend other treatments for depression, if needed. If you have never used benzodiazepines before or if you take them in excess, they can cause grave and sometimes fatal complications. If you are pregnant or nursing or have a history of liver disease or respiratory or digestive issues or liver disease your doctor might limit the duration of treatment or require lower doses. Alcohol can interact negatively with benzodiazepines, increasing the chance of adverse effects and dependence. Avoid drinking alcohol while taking these drugs. Beta-blockers Beta-blockers are a medication that can be used to aid in the control of anxiety symptoms. They are a different kind of drug than the benzodiazepines such as Xanax, and they work by blocking receptors that adrenaline bonds to. They also reduce brain and nervous system activities. They can be used in lieu of benzodiazepines that are more addictive and have an increased risk of dependency. Beta blockers, which reduce blood pressure and slow heart rate, are frequently prescribed to treat heart ailments. They can also be helpful for treating anxiety. However, they aren't specifically FDA-approved for the treatment of anxiety disorder. They are often employed “off label” for this purpose, and are a good option if other anti-anxiety medications do not provide relief or do not have acceptable adverse effects. They are especially effective in situations of performance anxiety and social anxiety, where uncomfortable physical symptoms may occur when an event triggers anxiety. They can also be used in conjunction with other treatment options for example, CBT or SSRIs. They are particularly effective as an add-on therapy for people suffering from GAD, which is characterized by constant and persistent anxiety that can interfere with daily activities. They can also help manage physical symptoms of anxiety such as a racing pulse or increased sweating. Although beta-blockers can assist in helping alleviate physical symptoms of anxiety, they cannot address the underlying mental issues that cause the anxiety. They are best used to complement other treatments, like benzodiazepines or SSRIs. It is important to discuss your medical history and any other health concerns with your doctor prior to taking beta-blockers. The use of these drugs is associated with reduced psychiatric hospitalisations and suicidal behaviour however, the outcomes vary by specific psychiatric diagnosis and past psychiatric history. In certain patients, they may also increase the risk of cardiovascular events. There are a few natural ingredients that contain beta-blocker-like properties but they are not as effective as prescription medications. They include antioxidants as well as saffron, garlic and potassium. These natural ingredients aren't fully comprehended. Some of these products may cause serious adverse side effects, so it is recommended to consult with a physician before taking them. Monoamine oxidase inhibitors MAOIs alter the way your brain works. They interfere with the activity of an enzyme called monoamine oxidase. It reduces the chemical compounds norepinephrine and serotonin, which allow your brain cells to communicate with one with each other. By blocking monoamine oxidase MAOIs help to keep more of these chemical messengers in your brain, which improves your mood due to improved brain cell communication. These drugs are also effective in treating anxiety disorder s. This includes agoraphobia as well as mixed depression and anxiety states. They are not as effective for pure anxiety and might not be helpful in a panic attack. The effectiveness of MAOIs has been due to the fact that they raise levels of norepinephrine, dopamine and serotonin in the brain. These neurotransmitters, which are naturally produced by the body and released into bloodstreams where they are absorbed by nerve cells and function as messengers. Iproniazid was the very first antidepressant to be developed in the year 1950. It inhibited monoamine oxidease. This led to the development of other MAOIs like tranylcypromine isocarboxazid, and fluoxetine, that are known to treat depression. MAOIs are usually prescribed after other types of antidepressants, such as tricyclic antidepressants or serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors, have been tried without success. MAOIs can trigger severe withdrawal symptoms if suddenly stopped. They can also have serious drug and food interactions. A newer version of MAOI, known as MAO-A, a selective and irreversible inhibitor, is being investigated for use in treating resistant depression. It is not recommended to be used in bipolar disorder since it can cause manic symptoms. Selegiline, a more recent MAOI (also known as Eldepryl or Zelapar) has been researched for treatment of Parkinson's disease. It blocks monoamine oxidase but does not affect other enzymes that breakdown levodopa, which is the main treatment for Parkinson’s. These medications can be used as a stand-alone treatment or in combination with other antidepressants. MAOIs can cause hyperreflexia and increased neuromuscular excitation in some patients. This may manifest as eyelid twitching or muscle moving. These reactions can be more common if these medications are used in conjunction with certain foods like aged cheeses or cured meats.